Examples:

1. Preparation of ethers:

Methyl t-butyl ether – used as antiknock additive in place of lead tetraethyl.

This prevents the use of corrosive sulphuric acid catalyst in etherification.

Esterification

Esters are produced when alcohols or phenols react with carboxylic acids in the presence of an acid like sulphuric acid. Esters can be prepared by using acid clays instead of H₂SO₄.

Examples:

The use of clay avoids the use of large quantities of conc. H₂SO₄, which reduces wastes and prevents corrosion.

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